Datacentres facing increase in global climate-related legal cases, report finds

A Google datacentre in Santiago, Chile, where a project was successfully halted in 2020 on climate grounds. Photograph: Luis Bustamante/The Guardian View image in fullscreen A Google datacentre in Santiago, Chile, where a project was successfully halted in 2020 on climate grounds. Photograph: Luis Bustamante/The Guardian Datacentres facing increase in global climate-related legal cases, report finds LSE analysis highlights litigation linked to energy sources, water consumption and air pollution The proliferation of datacentres and AI is increasingly at the forefront of environmental litigation around the world from Chile to Ireland , a report has found. In an analysis of about 3,600 climate-related lawsuits filed since 2015, the latest annual review of climate litigation by the London School of Economics (LSE) found a growing number of cases challenging the energy sources, water consumption and air pollution of datacentres, all of which have related climate implications. One of the first cases was filed in 2020 in Chile ’s capital Santiago, where Google was planning a huge datacentre in the Cerrillos area. A group of residents and the local council challenged the permits given to the global tech company, raising concerns about the impact of the development on the city’s already climate-stressed water supply . The lawsuit succeeded in halting the Cerrillos project – on the grounds that climate impacts had not been properly considered – but not the wider explosion of datacentres, which is draining Chile’s already drought-stricken wetlands . The LSE report identified Ireland as a “hotspot” for litigation against datacentres. The government wants the sector to expand , even though it is already consuming more than a fifth of the nation’s electricity . In December, Ireland’s Commission for the Regulation of Utilities (CRU) said that “large energy users” such as datacentres would be allowed to operate on fossil fuels for the next six years, after which they must run on at least 80% renewables. But Friends of the Irish Environment, Friends of the Earth Ireland and ClientEarth are seeking a judicial review of the decision because they argue it will lock Ireland into high-emitting, expensive fossil gas for years to come. FIE has brought several other claims relating to datacentres in Ireland, including one against the Environmental Protection Agency over its approval of a project in South Dublin. There is also a growing legal backlash against datacentres in the US. In California, the city of Pittsburg must now require a data centre to use renewable energy for power and recycled water to cool its servers. There is also ongoing litigation in Georgia and Pennsylvania against state regulators for approving new fossil fuel infrastructure linked to datacentres. Another case in Mississippi argues that Elon Musk’s xAI is breaching the Clean Air Act, by running portable methane gas generators without the required permits. The case, brought by the National Associat